HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Today it is widely accepted that land plants (embryophytes) evolved from streptophyte algae, also referred to as charophycean algae. The streptophyte algae are a paraphyletic group of green algae, ranging from unicellular flagellates to morphologically complex forms such as the stoneworts (Charales).

Detailed explanation-2: -Summary: It was previously thought that land plants evolved from stonewort-like algae. However, new research shows that the closest relatives to land plants are actually conjugating green algae such as Spirogyra.

Detailed explanation-3: -The green algae are basically divided into Charophyte and Chlorophyte algae, and it is agreed that the Charophyte algae are the closest algal relatives of land plants. Analyses of both morphological and molecular data have established that land plants evolved within Charophyte algae more than 450 million years ago.

Detailed explanation-4: -Land plants (embryophytes) evolved from freshwater multicellular algae, probably related to the extant charophyte groups Charales or Coleochaetales [1–4].