HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -The vascular cylinder consists of three main parts: the pericycle, the phloem, and the xylem. The pericycle encases the vascular cylinder and helps lateral roots grow from the main root. The phloem transports carbohydrates throughout the plant, while the xylem is responsible for water and nutrient transport.

Detailed explanation-2: -The xylem and phloem are grown within the central section of a root called a ‘stele’. In eudicots, the xylem usually forms a cross of cells within the stele which runs the length of the root. Four independent phloem strands grow between each bar of the xylem cross.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vascular tissue is comprised of the xylem and the phloem, the main transport systems of plants. They typically occur together in vascular bundles in all plant organs, traversing roots, stems, and leaves. Xylem is responsible for the transport of water and dissolved ions from the roots upwards through the plant.

Detailed explanation-4: -Vascular plants (tracheophytes) differ from the nonvascular bryophytes in that they possess specialized supporting and water-conducting tissue, called xylem, and food-conducting tissue, called phloem.

Detailed explanation-5: -In simple words, the vascular cylinder “central column” is formed by the vascular tissue of the roots of the plant and surrounded by the parenchymal ground tissue.