HORTICULTURE

Detailed explanation-1: -Mesophyll. Below the epidermis are layers of cells known as the mesophyll, or “middle leaf.” Mesophyll cells contain many chloroplasts and specialize in photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The palisade mesophyll layer is made up of closely-packed, elongated cells located just below the upper epidermis. They contain chloroplasts and carry out most of the photosynthesis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Spongy mesophyll-loosely packed cells with large air spaces between them. The air spaces allow movement and exchange of gases, specifically oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor.

Detailed explanation-4: -The mesophyll layer is the layer of the leaf comprised of chlorenchyma cells. Chlorenchyma cells are paranchyma cells that are photosynthetic. The chlorenchyma cells have numerous chloroplasts. Most flowering plants and ferns have a mesophyll layer divided into two sublayers: (1) palisade layer and (2) spongy layer.