MANAGEMENT

Detailed explanation-1: -A push policy is used to convince a retailer to stock the products being promoted, pushing the product to the retailer. A push strategy relies heavily on personal selling and promotion at trade shows. A pull policy is designed to create consumer interest, pulling consumers to the product.

Detailed explanation-2: -Advertising is a form of nonpersonal promotion in which companies pay to promote ideas, goods, or services. These promotions are presented through a variety of media outlets.

Detailed explanation-3: -Buying allowances are price discounts given by manufacturers to wholesalers and retailers to encourage the purchase of a product.

Detailed explanation-4: -Sales promotions targeted at retailers and wholesale are called trade sales promotions. Sales promotion includes several communications activities that attempt to provide added value or incentives to consumers, wholesalers, retailers, or other organizational customers to stimulate immediate sales.