MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The clumping of red blood cells due to incompatible blood transfusion is called agglutination. It occurs when the donor’s blood group is different from the recipient’s, antibodies present in the recipient’s plasma cause the donor’s red blood cells to undergo agglutination.

Detailed explanation-2: -When a transfusion reaction does occur, an antibody attaches to antigens on several red blood cells. This causes the red blood cells to clump together and plug up blood vessels. Then the cells are destroyed by the body (a process called hemolysis), releasing hemoglobin from the red blood cells into the blood.

Detailed explanation-3: -They attack and rapidly destroy red cells carrying the corresponding antigen. For example, anti-A attacks red cells of Group A or AB. Anti-B attacks red cells of Group B or AB. If ABO incompatible red cells are transfused, red cell haemolysis can occur.

Detailed explanation-4: -When people are given blood transfusions of the wrong blood group, the antibodies react with the incorrectly transfused blood group and as a result, the erythrocytes clump up and stick together causing them to agglutinate.