MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone, naturally produced by the peritubular cells of the kidney, that stimulates red blood cell production.

Detailed explanation-2: -Erythropoietin is distinct among the hematopoietic growth factors because it is produced primarily in the kidneys rather than the bone marrow.

Detailed explanation-3: -Erythropoietin (EPO) is the key hormone responsible for effective erythropoiesis, and iron is the essential mineral required for hemoglobin production.

Detailed explanation-4: -Red blood cell (RBC) production (erythropoiesis) takes place in the bone marrow under the control of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO). Juxtaglomerular cells in the kidney produce erythropoietin in response to decreased oxygen delivery (as in anemia or hypoxia) or increased levels of androgens.

Detailed explanation-5: -Erythropoietin is produced and released into the blood by the kidneys in response to low blood oxygen levels (hypoxemia). The amount of erythropoietin released depends on how low the oxygen level is and the ability of the kidneys to produce erythropoietin.