MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The cusps of the venous valves consist of thin collagen half-moon–shaped folds covered by endothelium, which spring from the wall of the vein very close to each other. The vein wall is thicker at the base of the valve cusps, due to an increase in the number of smooth muscle cells in the media.

Detailed explanation-2: -The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -The endothelium of blood vessels is made up of simple squamous epithelium. The oesophagus and the lining of the mouth are covered with squamous epithelium. The skin which protects the body is also made of squamous epithelium.

Detailed explanation-4: -Abstract. Heart valves are sophisticated cellularised structures that perform a complex series of dynamic functions during each cardiac cycle. The endothelial cells (ECs) that cover both surfaces of the valve, play an important role in ensuring that the valve functions are in an optimal manner.