MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vascular shunting is the process of redistribution of blood. Blood diverted to active areas and diverted away from inactive areas. Occurs through vasoconstriction (narrowing of arteries) and vasodilation (widening of arteries). Active areas during exercise = brain and working muscles.

Detailed explanation-2: -As these byproducts leave the muscle cells, they cause small, thin-walled blood vessels (capillaries) within the muscle to expand or dilate, which is called vasodilation. The dilated capillaries allow increased blood flow, which delivers more oxygenated blood to the working muscle.

Detailed explanation-3: -Optociliary shunt vessels represent collateral venous pathways draining blood from the retinal venous circulation to the peripapillary choroidal veins in the pre-laminar region of the optic nerve.

Detailed explanation-4: -The body uses two mechanisms to control this redistribution. Vasoconstriction (narrowing) and Vasodilation (expanding) is used to redistribute blood to essential areas of the body while decreasing blood flow to others.