ENDOCRINE ORGANS AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
ADRENAL GLANDS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The secretion of the adrenal cortex
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The use of sugar by the cells (metabolism)
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The level of calcium in the bloodstream
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The reaction of the body to stress
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Detailed explanation-1: -Local activation of thyroxine (T4), to the active form, triiodothyronine (T3), by 5′-deiodinase type 2 (D2) is a key mechanism of TH regulation of metabolism. D2 is expressed in the hypothalamus, white fat, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle and is required for adaptive thermogenesis.
Detailed explanation-2: -Metabolism: thyroid hormone increases the basal metabolic rate. It increases the gene expression of Na+/K+ ATPase in different tissues leading to increased oxygen consumption, respiration rate, and body temperature. Depending on the metabolic status, it can induce lipolysis or lipid synthesis.
Detailed explanation-3: -Thyroid hormone affects glucose homeostasis by impacting pancreatic -cell development and glucose metabolism through several organs such as the liver, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adipose tissue, skeletal muscles, and the central nervous system.
Detailed explanation-4: -The thyroid gland produces thyroxine (referred to as T4), which is a relatively inactive prohormone, and the highly active hormone called triiodothyronine (referred to as T3). Collectively, thyroxine and triiodothyronine are referred to as the thyroid hormones.