MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Primary hypercortisolism is known as Cushing syndrome. It is the autonomous overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal gland. Common causes include adrenal adenoma, adrenal carcinoma, and adrenal hyperplasia. Secondary hypercortisolism is due to increased ACTH production, which leads to an increase in cortisol.

Detailed explanation-2: -Addison’s disease is caused by damage to the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands sit just above the kidneys. As part of the endocrine system, they make hormones that affect almost every organ and tissue in the body. Damage to these glands results in too little of the hormone cortisol and, often, the hormone aldosterone.

Detailed explanation-3: -ACTH then triggers your adrenal glands, specifically your adrenal cortex, to release cortisol and androgens. The resulting increase in cortisol then signals your hypothalamus to decrease CRH levels, thus completing the feedback loop.

Detailed explanation-4: -Higher than normal levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone may be due to: Cushing’s disease – this is the most common cause of increased adrenocorticotropic hormone. It is caused by a non-cancerous tumour called an adenoma located in the pituitary gland, which produces excess amounts of adrenocorticotropic hormone.

Detailed explanation-5: -Cushing’s disease is usually caused by a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland. The tumor makes too much ACTH. This causes the adrenal glands to make too much cortisol.