ENDOCRINE ORGANS AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
ENDOCRINE ORGANS
|
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
|
|
|
pituitary gland (anterior); helps regulate reproductive processes including puberty
|
|
|
pituitary gland (posterior); stimulates the kidneys to retain water and constricts blood vessels
|
|
|
parathyroid glands; increases blood calcium levels and stimulates the breakdown of bone
|
|
|
pituitary gland (anterior); stimulates the thyroid gland and helps regulate thyroid function
|
Detailed explanation-1: -Parathyroid hormone is secreted from four parathyroid glands, which are small glands in the neck, located behind the thyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood, largely by increasing the levels when they are too low.
Detailed explanation-2: -Parathyroid hormone is directly involved in the bones, kidneys, and small intestine. In the bones, PTH stimulates the release of calcium in an indirect process through osteoclasts which ultimately leads to the resorption of the bones.
Detailed explanation-3: -The sole purpose of the parathyroid glands is to control calcium within the blood in a very tight range between 8.5 and 10.5. In doing so, parathyroid glands also control how much calcium is in the bones, and therefore, how strong and dense the bones are.
Detailed explanation-4: -At the kidneys, PTH increases calcium reabsorption and blocks phosphate reabsorption from the tubules. PTH also acts at the kidneys to stimulate the formation of vitamin D. Vitamin D is an essential component of calcium and phosphate homeostasis, yielding its effects on the kidneys and gastrointestinal (GI) system.
Detailed explanation-5: -Parathyroid glands These glands, located behind the thyroid at the bottom of your neck, are about the size of a grain of rice. The parathyroid hormone produced by the thyroid glands helps maintain the right balance of calcium in the bloodstream and in tissues that depend on calcium for proper functioning.