MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Your pineal gland releases the highest levels of melatonin when there’s darkness and decreases melatonin production when you’re exposed to light. In other words, you have low levels of melatonin in your blood during the daylight hours and peak levels of melatonin during the nighttime.

Detailed explanation-2: -Your pineal gland is a tiny endocrine gland in the middle of your brain that helps regulate your body’s circadian rhythm by secreting the hormone melatonin.

Detailed explanation-3: -It is important to note that “darkness” stimulates the pineal gland to secrete melatonin whereas exposure to light inhibits this mechanism [12].

Detailed explanation-4: -Melatonin may have an antidepressant effect by increasing the expression of GABAA receptors in the rat brain. Melatonin also increases neuroplasticity in the hippocampus, which plays an important role in the development of depression.

Detailed explanation-5: -The main function of the pineal gland is to receive information about the state of the light-dark cycle from the environment and convey this information by the production and secretion of the hormone melatonin.