MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Melatonin is a hormone that’s mainly produced by your pineal gland. The importance of pineal melatonin in humans is not clear, but many researchers believe it may help to synchronize circadian rhythms in different parts of your body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Pineal melatonin is a hormone that regulates the body’s daily (circadian) clock and so melatonin is commonly used in human research to understand the body’s biological time. There is a rhythm to the biology of the pineal gland and melatonin is secreted according to the amount of day light a person is exposed to.

Detailed explanation-3: -In the absence of light or melanopsin, melatonin is produced by the pineal gland. In humans, it induces an almost irresistible urge to sleep. Its primary function is to signal day length to the SCN so that it can synchronise the day/night cycle with: Endocrine rhythms.

Detailed explanation-4: -Suprachiasmatic nucleus output via the human pineal gland The pineal gland, or epiphysis cerebri, is a key structure of the circadian system. It contains pinealocytes, which produce melatonin (for references see Swaab, 2003).