MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Type 1 diabetes is a disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels. In this form of diabetes, specialized cells in the pancreas called beta cells stop producing insulin . Insulin controls how much glucose (a type of sugar) is passed from the blood into cells for conversion to energy.

Detailed explanation-2: -Insulin receptors are proteins found on the surfaces of most cells in the human body. Insulin binding activates it and triggers a signaling cascade inside the cell, resulting in glucose uptake and various other metabolic and growth-related functions.

Detailed explanation-3: -If you have type 1 diabetes, you must take insulin because your body no longer makes this hormone. Different types of insulin start to work at different speeds, and the effects of each last a different length of time. You may need to use more than one type. You can take insulin a number of ways.

Detailed explanation-4: -Insulin receptor (IR) plays an important role in insulin signal transduction, defect of which has been considered the fundamental cause of T2DM. IR content reduction in diabetes is one key contributor to the defective insulin signaling and diabetes progression.