MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Metabolism: thyroid hormone increases the basal metabolic rate. It increases the gene expression of Na+/K+ ATPase in different tissues leading to increased oxygen consumption, respiration rate, and body temperature.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) affects every cell and all the organs in your body by: Regulating the rate at which your body uses calories (energy). This affects weight loss or weight gain and is called the metabolic rate. Slowing down or speeding up your heart rate.

Detailed explanation-3: -Overview of sites of thyroid hormone regulation of metabolism. Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid axis: thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) respond primarily to circulating serum T4, converted in the hypothalamus and pituitary to T3 by the 5′-deiodinase type 2 (D2).

Detailed explanation-4: -The hormones regulate the speed with which the cells/metabolism work. For example, T3 and T4 regulate your heart rate and how fast your intestines process food. So if T3 and T4 levels are low, your heart rate may be slower than normal, and you may have constipation/weight gain.

Detailed explanation-5: -The thyroid gland releases triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). These hormones play an important role in regulation of your weight, energy levels, internal temperature, skin, hair, nail growth, metabolism and is an important part of the endocrine system.