MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4) need iodine for their production. These hormones are secreted by thyroid gland.

Detailed explanation-2: -Thyroid hormones, and therefore iodine, are essential for mammalian life. Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem; globally, it is estimated that two billion individuals have an insufficient iodine intake.

Detailed explanation-3: -Thyroid hormone (TH) regulates metabolic processes essential for normal growth and development as well as regulating metabolism in the adult (28, 40, 189).

Detailed explanation-4: -Iodine, as a trace element, is a necessary and limiting substrate for thyroid gland hormone synthesis. It is an essential element that enables the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).

Detailed explanation-5: -In addition to its complex metabolic effects involved in the general mechanisms of body growth, thyroid hormone stimulates the production of growth factors, particularly EGF and NGF. Moreover, it affects GH and somatomedin production and also their tissue activity.