MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -During exercise, tidal volume increases as the depth of breathing increases and the rate of breathing increases too. This has the effect of taking more oxygen into the body and removing more carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-2: -Raising the rate or the tidal volume, as well as increasing T low, will increase ventilation and decrease CO2. Consideration has to be made while increasing the rate, as this will also increase the amount of dead space and might not be as effective as tidal volume.

Detailed explanation-3: -Adaptations of the alveoli: Moist walls-gases dissolve in the moisture helping them to pass across the gas exchange surface. Permeable walls-allow gases to pass through. Extensive blood supply-ensuring oxygen rich blood is taken away from the lungs and carbon dioxide rich blood is taken to the lungs.

Detailed explanation-4: -Tidal volume (symbol VT or TV) is the volume of air moved into or out of the lungs during a normal breath. In a healthy, young human adult, tidal volume is approximately 500 ml per inspiration or 7 ml/kg of body mass. Total lung capacity: the volume in the lungs at maximal inflation, the sum of VC and RV.