MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -With aerobic endurance training, adaptations during submaximal exercise generally include an increase in tidal volume and a decrease in breathing frequency, while during maximal exercise both tidal volume and breathing frequency increase.

Detailed explanation-2: -Adaptations of the alveoli: Moist walls-gases dissolve in the moisture helping them to pass across the gas exchange surface. Permeable walls-allow gases to pass through. Extensive blood supply-ensuring oxygen rich blood is taken away from the lungs and carbon dioxide rich blood is taken to the lungs.

Detailed explanation-3: -Vital Capacity(VC) It is the total amount of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. The value is about 4800mL and it varies according to age and body size. It is calculated by summing tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chronic adaptation refers to long term changes, over 6 or more weeks, that occur during exercise and can include improved cardiovascular adaptation, respiratory adaptation, muscle tissue adaptation to aerobic training, cardiac hypertrophy, muscular hypertrophy and increased muscle stores.