MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The digestive system converts the foods we eat into their simplest forms, like glucose (sugars), amino acids (that make up protein) or fatty acids (that make up fats). The broken-down food is then absorbed into the bloodstream from the small intestine and the nutrients are carried to each cell in the body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucose absorption occurs in the small intestine by active transport via the SGLT-1 transporter (sodium glucose co-transporter). Galactose, fructose and some glucose absorption is completed by the Glut5 transporter by facilitated diffusion.

Detailed explanation-3: -Following digestion of nutrients by the digestive tract, glucose is absorbed by the intestinal epithelium and then released in the blood flow of the portal vein. Thus, the liver, via the portal vein, is perfectly located to regulate postprandial glucose levels through glucosensing mechanisms.