MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -When the lungs inhale, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward. At the same time, the muscles between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside. As a result, air rushes in and fills the lungs.

Detailed explanation-2: -Breathing out When you breathe out, or exhale, your diaphragm and rib muscles relax, reducing the space in the chest cavity. As the chest cavity gets smaller, your lungs deflate, similar to how air releases from a balloon.

Detailed explanation-3: -Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.

Detailed explanation-4: -This decrease of pressure in the thoracic cavity relative to the environment makes the cavity less than the atmosphere (Figure 2a). Because of this drop in pressure, air rushes into the respiratory passages. To increase the volume of the lungs, the chest wall expands.

Detailed explanation-5: -When the diaphragm contracts, the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity increase. The contraction of the diaphragm causes it to flatten out and thus increase the volume, and lower the pressure of the thoracic cavity.