MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -When the lungs exhale, the diaphragm relaxes, and the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, while the pressure within it increases. As a result, the lungs contract and air is forced out.

Detailed explanation-2: -When you breathe out, or exhale, your diaphragm and rib muscles relax, reducing the space in the chest cavity. As the chest cavity gets smaller, your lungs deflate, similar to how air releases from a balloon.

Detailed explanation-3: -And a muscle called the diaphragm below the lungs contracts as well, moving downward, which causes the chest cavity to expand, allowing the lungs to also expand and stretch, filling up this extra space. As the lungs expand, their volume increases. As the lung volume increases, the pressure within them decreases.

Detailed explanation-4: -In exhalation, the diaphragm moves upward and the chest wall muscles relax, causing the chest cavity to get smaller and push air out of respiratory system through the nose or mouth. Every few seconds, with each inhalation, air fills a large portion of the millions of alveoli.