MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Structures that are made from skin cells are called skin appendages. Hairs are also skin appendages. The part that we call the nail is technically known as the “nail plate.” The nail plate is mostly made of a hard substance called keratin. It is about half a millimeter thick and slightly curved.

Detailed explanation-2: -The nail bed is the skin beneath the nail plate. It is the area of the nail on which the nail plate rests. Nerves and blood vessels found here supply nourishment to the entire nail unit. Like all skin, it is made of two types of tissues: the dermis and the epidermis.

Detailed explanation-3: -The mantle is the skin covering the matrix and base of the nail plate.

Detailed explanation-4: -The nail plate is formed in its proximal region, termed the root. Here, within a protective nail fold of skin below the interface with epidermal cells-the eponychium or cuticle, a matrix of germinative epidermal cells divide and keratinize.