MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Goosebumps occur when tiny muscles in our skin’s hair follicles, called arrector pili muscles, pull hair upright.

Detailed explanation-2: -The connection between the sympathetic nerve and the muscle has been well known, since they are the cellular basis behind goosebumps: the cold triggers sympathetic neurons to send a nerve signal, and the muscle reacts by contracting and causing the hair to stand on end.

Detailed explanation-3: -The arrector pili muscle is a smooth muscle that attaches to the hair follicle, on one side, and the dermis, on the other. Contraction of the arrector pili muscle causes the hair follicle to stand on end, creating goose bumps.