MICROANATOMY

INTRODUCTION TO MICROSCOPY CELL BIOLOGY

DIFFERENTIATED CELL

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
How does gene expression lead to protein synthesis within the cell?
A
The shape of the DNA in the expressed gene transforms into a protein.
B
The DNA of expressed genes is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes into a chain of amino acids, creating the protein encoded by DNA.
C
Glucose taken up by the cell provides the energy for gene expression.
D
Protein synthesis occurs randomly, independent of gene expression.
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.

Detailed explanation-2: -During transcription, the enzyme RNA polymerase (green) uses DNA as a template to produce a pre-mRNA transcript (pink). The pre-mRNA is processed to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated to build the protein molecule (polypeptide) encoded by the original gene.

Detailed explanation-3: -During gene expression, DNA in the nucleus is received by proteins that make a copy called messenger RNA or mRNA. The mRNA is processed and transported to the cytoplasm, where ribosomes can read the message encoded and assemble the correct amino acids with the help of transfer RNA or tRNA.

There is 1 question to complete.