MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females.

Detailed explanation-2: -Humans, like many other species, are called ‘diploid’. This is because our chromosomes exist in matching pairs – with one chromosome of each pair being inherited from each biological parent. Every cell in the human body contains 23 pairs of such chromosomes; our diploid number is therefore 46, our ‘haploid’ number 23.

Detailed explanation-3: -It should be noted that germ cells also begin with 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of homologues, making them diploid. After replication of the chromosomes, there are 46 chromosomes (92 chromatids) present in the germ cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Through the process of fertilization, egg and sperm join to make a cell with 46 chromosomes (23 pairs), called a zygote.