MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Each organism has a fixed number of chromosomes; which is 46 in human beings. The life of a human being starts as a single cell called a zygote which has 46 chromosomes(23 each from male and female parents). So, gametes (an egg and sperm) are haploid and have only half the number of chromosomes i.e. 23 in human beings.

Detailed explanation-2: -Every cell in the human body contains 23 pairs of such chromosomes; our diploid number is therefore 46, our ‘haploid’ number 23. Of the 23 pairs, 22 are known as autosomes. The 23rd pair is made up of the sex chromosomes, called the ‘X’ and ‘Y’ chromosome.

Detailed explanation-3: -Human sperm and egg cells have 23 single chromosomes because they are produced by a special type of cell division called meiosis, which doesn’t duplicate chromosomes before division. The resulting cells get one chromosome from each pair.