MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The G2 checkpoint ensures all of the chromosomes have been replicated and that the replicated DNA is not damaged before cell enters mitosis. The M checkpoint determines whether all the sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubules before the cell enters the irreversible anaphase stage.

Detailed explanation-2: -Together, the G1, S, and G2 phases are referred to as interphase. After completing DNA synthesis and progression through the G2 phase, the cell divides in mitosis by segregating the chromosomes into two separate daughter cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -The G2 checkpoint prevents the initiation of mitosis prior to the completion of S phase, thereby ensuring that incompletely replicated DNA is not distributed to daughter cells. It is equally important to ensure that the genome is replicated only once per cell cycle.