INTRODUCTION TO MICROSCOPY CELL BIOLOGY
DIFFERENTIATED CELL
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The DNA is different in each type of cell.
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Some cells have more or less DNA than others.
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Only specific parts of the DNA are activated.
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The DNA has genes that are expressed the same way.
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Detailed explanation-1: -Cell differentiation is caused by changes in gene expression. This occurs when different signaling molecules in the environment activate or repress different transcription factors that are necessary to express certain genes in the DNA.
Detailed explanation-2: -During the differentiation of pluripotent cells such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, pluripotency-associated genes are repressed, potentially permanently, as a result of DNA methylation. At the same time, developmental genes begin to be expressed, and there is an increase in H3K4 methylation.
Detailed explanation-3: -DNA is so important to cell differentiation because it has the instructions for all different types of specialization. Cell differentiation occurs due to differential gene expression, where some genes are turned on and others are turned off. Genes are coded for in the sequence of nucleotides present in the DNA.
Detailed explanation-4: -The differentiation of cells during embryogenesis is the key to cell, tissue, organ, and organism identity. Once an egg is fertilized by a sperm, a zygote is formed. The zygote divides into multiple cells in a process known as cleavage, triggering the beginning of embryonic differentiation.