MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The term basal ganglia in the strictest sense refers to nuclei embedded deep in the brain hemispheres (striatum or caudate-putamen and globus pallidus), whereas related nuclei consist of structures located in the diencephalon (subthalamic nucleus), mesencephalon (substantia nigra), and pons (pedunculopontine nucleus).

Detailed explanation-2: -The basal ganglia are a cluster of subcortical nuclei deep to cerebral hemispheres. The largest component of the basal ganglia is the corpus striatum which contains the caudate and lenticular nuclei (the putamen, globus pallidus externus, and internus), the subthalamic nucleus (STN), and the substantia nigra (SN).

Detailed explanation-3: -The thalamus, subthalamus, and substantia nigra (SN) are not a part of the basal ganglia but serve essential functions for the network. The motor system controlled by basal ganglia is made of corticobulbar and subcortical structures, the gray matter of the spinal cord, cerebellum, and efferent nerves.