MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -The sodium-potassium pump goes through cycles of shape changes to help maintain a negative membrane potential. In each cycle, three sodium ions exit the cell, while two potassium ions enter the cell. These ions travel against the concentration gradient, so this process requires ATP.

Detailed explanation-2: -Passive transport: membrane channels The sodium-potassium pump sets the membrane potential of the neuron by keeping the concentrations of Na+ and K+ at constant disequilibrium.

Detailed explanation-3: -What generates the resting membrane potential is the K+ that leaks from the inside of the cell to the outside via leak K+ channels and generates a negative charge in the inside of the membrane vs the outside. At rest, the membrane is impermeable to Na+, as all of the Na+ channels are closed.