MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -Patients with nephrolithiasis, when limited to the kidney, will be asymptomatic. The common symptoms associated with kidney stones, including acute pain radiating to the groin, occurs once the stone begins descending the ureters from the kidneys. It is often described as dull, colicky, sharp, and severe pain.

Detailed explanation-2: -Nephrolithiasis, also known as kidney stones or renal calculi, refers to the presence of stones within the kidneys. It is one of the most common kidney diseases in adults. Stone formation occurs when there’s an excess of crystal-forming substances that can’t be dissolved in the urine.

Detailed explanation-3: -Calcium stones, including calcium oxalate stones and calcium phosphate stones, are the most common types of kidney stones. Calcium oxalate stones are more common than calcium phosphate stones.