MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -As blood flows into each nephron, it enters a cluster of tiny blood vessels-the glomerulus. The thin walls of the glomerulus allow smaller molecules, wastes, and fluid-mostly water-to pass into the tubule. Larger molecules, such as proteins and blood cells, stay in the blood vessel.

Detailed explanation-2: -The kidneys are responsible for blood filtration, osmoregulation, and reuptake and receive   25% of cardiac output.

Detailed explanation-3: -The first step in urine formation is the filtration of blood, which is carried out by the glomerulus and is called glomerular filtration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood from the glomerular capillaries. Bowman’s capsule also has a structural function and creates a urinary space through which filtrate can enter the nephron and pass to the proximal convoluted tubule.