MICROANATOMY

Detailed explanation-1: -What is aldosterone? Aldosterone (ALD) is a hormone your adrenal glands release that helps regulate blood pressure by managing the levels of sodium and potassium in your blood.

Detailed explanation-2: -Aldosterone synthesis is primarily regulated by angiotensin II, K+ concentration, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Elevated serum aldosterone levels increase blood pressure largely by increasing Na+ re-absorption in the kidney through regulating transcription and activity of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC).

Detailed explanation-3: -A steroid hormone made by the adrenal cortex (the outer layer of the adrenal gland). It helps control the balance of water and salts in the kidney by keeping sodium in and releasing potassium from the body. Too much aldosterone can cause high blood pressure and a build-up of fluid in body tissues.

Detailed explanation-4: -Aldosterone increases sodium transport by binding to the MR, translocating to the nucleus, and increasing the transcription of sodium channels and transporters, thereby indirectly promoting water reabsorption in the renal distal tubule.