NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
MICROBIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Virulence, biodegradation of pollutants, and symbiotic relationships
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DNA repair and replication
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Antibiotic resistance
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Catabolic and anabolic reactions
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Detailed explanation-1: -Many Bacteria contain relatively large inserts of foreign origin known as chromosomal islands. These contain clusters of genes that encode specialized metabolic functions or pathogenesis and virulence factors (pathogenicity islands).
Detailed explanation-2: -The phage-inducible chromosomal islands (PICIs) are a family of highly mobile genetic elements that contribute substantively to horizontal gene transfer, host adaptation, and virulence. Initially identified in Staphylococcus aureus, these elements are now thought to occur widely in gram-positive bacteria.
Detailed explanation-3: -Pathogenicity islands (PAIs) are distinct genetic elements on the chromosomes of a large number of bacterial pathogens. PAIs encode various virulence factors and are normally absent from non-pathogenic strains of the same or closely related species.