NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
MICROBIOLOGY
Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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DNA
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Lipids
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Proteins
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Carbohydrates
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Detailed explanation-1: -Recombinant DNA is a technology scientists developed that made it possible to insert a human gene into the genetic material of a common bacterium. This “recombinant” micro-organism could now produce the protein encoded by the human gene. Scientists build the human insulin gene in the laboratory.
Detailed explanation-2: -Genetic engineering has been used to produce a type of insulin, very similar to our own, from yeast and bacteria? like E.
Detailed explanation-3: -The development in the field of genetic engineering allowed the production of insulin in E. coli and yeast, which have been approved for therapeutic applications in human by FDA [14, 15]. Nowadays, recombinant human insulin is mainly produced either in E. coli or Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Detailed explanation-4: -The first genetically engineered, synthetic “human” insulin was produced in 1978 using E. coli bacteria to produce the insulin.
Detailed explanation-5: -The human insulin gene is extracted from human cells using restriction enzymes. This is inserted into a plasmid using an enzyme called ligase, producing recombinant DNA. The recombinant plasmid is placed inside a bacterium which replicates (the bacterium is now transgenic because it contains DNA from another species).