PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The G2 checkpoint prevents cells from entering mitosis when DNA is damaged, providing an opportunity for repair and stopping the proliferation of damaged cells. Because the G2 checkpoint helps to maintain genomic stability, it is an important focus in understanding the molecular causes of cancer.

Detailed explanation-2: -The G2-M DNA damage checkpoint is an important cell cycle checkpoint in eukaryotic organisms that ensures that cells don’t initiate mitosis until damaged or incompletely replicated DNA is sufficiently repaired.

Detailed explanation-3: -Ap Biology : Example Question #2 During the G2 phase the cell has already undergone DNA replication (in the S phase). Each of the chromosomes will therefore have identical sister chromatids. There will be 92 sister chromatids, but only 46 chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -G2/M checkpoints include the checks for damaged DNA, unreplicated DNA, and checks that ensure that the genome is replicated once and only once per cell cycle. If cells pass these checkpoints, they follow normal transition to the M phase.