PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During interphase (1), chromatin is in its least condensed state and appears loosely distributed throughout the nucleus. Chromatin condensation begins during prophase (2) and chromosomes become visible. Chromosomes remain condensed throughout the various stages of mitosis (2-5).

Detailed explanation-2: -During interphase, the cell grows and makes a copy of its DNA. During the mitotic (M) phase, the cell separates its DNA into two sets and divides its cytoplasm, forming two new cells.

Detailed explanation-3: -During S phase of the eukaryotic cell division cycle, newly replicated DNA is rapidly assembled into chromatin.

Detailed explanation-4: -Chromatin Chromatin refers to a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms. Many of the proteins-namely, histones-package the massive amount of DNA in a genome into a highly compact form that can fit in the cell nucleus.

Detailed explanation-5: -The extent of chromatin condensation varies during the life cycle of the cell. In interphase (nondividing) cells, most of the chromatin (called euchromatin) is relatively decondensed and distributed throughout the nucleus (Figure 4.11).