PATHOLOGY MCQ
CELL DAMAGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Cells can have different sets of mRNA molecules because different genes are expressed
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Different cells produce different proteins based on the amino acids they can absorb
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Ribosomes translate mRNA strands differently depending on the type of cell they are in
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Viral infections can alter the way eukaryotic cells translate their genes into proteins.
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Detailed explanation-1: -The cell types in a multicellular organism become different from one another because they synthesize and accumulate different sets of RNA and protein molecules. They generally do this without altering the sequence of their DNA.
Detailed explanation-2: -Gene regulation is how a cell controls which genes, out of the many genes in its genome, are “turned on” (expressed). Thanks to gene regulation, each cell type in your body has a different set of active genes – despite the fact that almost all the cells of your body contain the exact same DNA.
Detailed explanation-3: -Different cells in a multicellular organism may express very different sets of genes, even though they contain the same DNA. The set of genes expressed in a cell determines the set of proteins and functional RNAs it contains, giving it its unique properties.
Detailed explanation-4: -How might the DNA-RNA-protein pathway affect cellular differentiation? For example, cells in the interior of the body may be signaled by genes to become either muscle or connective tissues, while other cells on the exterior of the body will be signaled to become epithelial cells.
Detailed explanation-5: -With a few exceptions1 all cells of a multicellular organism have the same DNA sequence. However, the cells of the multicellular organism have very different patterns of gene expression and thus make very different groups of proteins.