PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Here’s why: To get the goats to produce specific proteins, the researchers used radiation to kill a portion of a male goat’s germ cells (the cells that produce sperm). Then they used a modified adeno-associated virus (a well studied and tolerated gene therapy vector) to insert a gene in the remaining cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -In pharming, these genetically modified (transgenic) animals are used mostly to make human proteins that have medicinal value. The protein encoded by the transgene is secreted into the animal’s milk, eggs, or blood, and then collected and purified.

Detailed explanation-3: -Here we report the characterization of transgenic dairy goats producing human lysozyme (HLZ) in their milk, with the potential to have an impact on not only the producer but also the consumer and the animal.

Detailed explanation-4: -Various recombinant proteins have been obtained from the transgenic and non-transgenic goats, and among these, human antithrombin, produced by the transgenic goats, was the first recombinant protein of animal origin to be released as a drug for the clinical use in humans.