PATHOLOGY MCQ
GENETICS AND DISEASE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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identical twins have identical DNA
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the Human Genome Project has determined the structure of transfer RNA
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the Human Genome Project has determined the structure of human proteins
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to produce a protein, geneticists must know the sequence of DNA bases that codes for the protein
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Detailed explanation-1: -The Human Genome Project is an ambitious research effort aimed at deciphering the chemical makeup of the entire human genetic code (i.e., the genome). The primary work of the project is to develop three research tools that will allow scientists to identify genes involved in both rare and common diseases.
Detailed explanation-2: -The PacBio HiFi DNA sequencing method can read about 20, 000 letters with nearly perfect accuracy. The Oxford Nanopore DNA sequencing method can read even more-up to 1 million DNA letters at a time-with modest accuracy. Both were used to generate the complete human genome sequence.
Detailed explanation-3: -DNA sequencing involves determining the exact order of the bases in DNA-the As, Cs, Gs and Ts that make up segments of DNA. Because the Human Genome Project aimed to sequence all of the DNA (i.e., the genome) of a set of organisms, significant effort was made to improve the methods for DNA sequencing.
Detailed explanation-4: -It may help lead scientists to find out how humans have evolved and how humans are evolving today. It will also help to understand the common biology that we share with all life on earth. Comparing our genome with others may help to lead to associations of diseases with certain traits.