PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Human Genome Project is an ambitious research effort aimed at deciphering the chemical makeup of the entire human genetic code (i.e., the genome). The primary work of the project is to develop three research tools that will allow scientists to identify genes involved in both rare and common diseases.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Human Genome Project began around 1986. The main goal of the project is to locate and sequence all genes found in human DNA. The objectives for this ambitious effort are to learn more about heredity of disease and to discover the genes that would aid in gene therapy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Genetic therapies are approaches that treat genetic disorders by providing new DNA to certain cells or correcting the DNA. Gene transfer approaches, also called gene addition, restore the missing function of a faulty or missing gene by adding a new gene to affected cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -Depending on what is wrong, scientists can do one of several things in gene therapy: They can replace a gene that is missing or is causing a problem. They can add genes to the body to help treat disease. Or they can turn off genes that are causing problems.