PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA fingerprinting is a technique that simultaneously detects lots of minisatellites in the genome to produce a pattern unique to an individual. This is a DNA fingerprint. The probability of having two people with the same DNA fingerprint that are not identical twins is very small.

Detailed explanation-2: -Microsatellites are small pieces of DNA that repeat. They are usually only a few of the DNA base pair letters in size. The combination of letters and the patterns in which they repeat can be unique between individuals, which is not unlike actual fingerprints.

Detailed explanation-3: -Satellite DNA regions are stretches of repetitive DNA which do not code for any specific protein. These non-coding sequences form a major chunk of the DNA profile of humans. They depict a high level of polymorphism and are the basis of DNA fingerprinting.

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA Fingerprinting Although more than 99.1% of the genome is the same throughout the human population, the remaining 0.9% of human DNA shows variations between individuals. These variable DNA sequences, termed polymorphic markers, can be used to both differentiate and correlate individuals.

Detailed explanation-5: -The DNA marker is used to identify the specific genetic variations an individual possesses. DNA Profile: A set of genetic characteristics that results from forensic DNA analysis of several DNA markers. DNA Typing or Profiling: The process of testing to identify DNA patterns or types.