PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -While there exist many old-wives tales and myths about this, the truth is that there is a 50% chance that a sperm cell will carry an X chromosome and a 50% chance that it will carry a Y chromosome. So, in short, the assignment of gender occurs 100% randomly.

Detailed explanation-2: -Since the ratio of the X chromosome and Y chromosome in a male gamete is 50:50, the probability of male or female infants is also 50:50. Therefore the statistical probability of getting either a male or female child is 50:50 since the sex-determining male sperm has a 50:50 chance of bearing an X or Y chromosome.

Detailed explanation-3: -If a Y bearing sperm fertilizes the egg, the zygote will be a male (XY) and when X bearing sperm fertilizes the egg, the resulting zygote will be female (XX). Since the ratio of the X chromosome and the Y chromosome in a male gamete is 50:50. The statistical probability of male or female infants is also 50:50.

Detailed explanation-4: -Of the 23 chromosomes in human spermatozoa, chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y are important because higher incidence of abnormalities in these chromosomes can to lead miscarriages or live births (Pang et al., 1999, 2005, 2010; Rubio et al., 2001).

Detailed explanation-5: -While females have XX chromosomes, so all ovum will carry X chromosome. So when a sperm containing X chromosome fertilises an ovum, a zygote with XX chromosomes is formed. Thus a female child is born.