PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: In a test cross, an individual of unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype.

Detailed explanation-2: -The unknown genotype can be determined by observing the phenotypes of the resulting offspring. If crossing the unknown dominant phenotype (PP or Pp genotype) individual with the recessive phenotype individual produces only dominant phenotypes (no recessive), then the unknown individual is homozygous dominant.

Detailed explanation-3: -The cross between a suspected heterozygote with the recessive parent is called test cross. This cross basically helps to confirm if the organism in question is homozygous or heterozygous for the dominant allele.

Detailed explanation-4: -A test cross is when an unknown genotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive genotype in order to determine the unknown genotype. This genotype can be deduced according to the phenotypes of the offspring.