PATHOLOGY MCQ
GENETICS AND DISEASE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Adding foreign DNA to organisms to modify the organism’s DNA
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Manufacturing synthetic DNA in the laboratory from chemicals
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Cutting segments of DNA of an organism under a microscope
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Exposing DNA of an organism to radioactivity for mutations
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Detailed explanation-1: -Gene editing, based on a technology known as CRISPR-Cas9, allows researchers to customize a living organism’s genetic sequence by making very specific changes to its DNA.
Detailed explanation-2: -Genetic engineering (also called genetic modification) is a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism. This may involve changing a single base pair (A-T or C-G), deleting a region of DNA or adding a new segment of DNA.
Detailed explanation-3: -Genome editing is a way of making specific changes to the DNA of a cell or organism. An enzyme cuts the DNA at a specific sequence, and when this is repaired by the cell a change or ‘edit’ is made to the sequence.
Detailed explanation-4: -Traditional genetic modification methods that have been employed-particularly for microbial starter cultures-include selection, mutagenesis, conjugation, and protoplast fusion, the last of which is analogous to somatic hybridization in plant systems.
Detailed explanation-5: -Transgenic Transgenic refers to an organism or cell whose genome has been altered by the introduction of one or more foreign DNA sequences from another species by artificial means. Transgenic organisms are generated in the laboratory for research purposes.