PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly and does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably still remember the sudden, tight, and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in spasm. Cramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle).

Detailed explanation-2: -Muscle cramp denotes an episodic, involuntary, painful contraction of a muscle. Muscle spasm is a more encompassing term referring to any involuntary muscle contraction.

Detailed explanation-3: -Muscle spasm can be defined as persistent, involuntary muscle contraction (not including spasticity, a phenomenon of central nervous origin). The main reason why pain arises in muscle spasm is muscle ischemia, which leads to a drop in pH and the release of pain-producing substances such as bradykinin, ATP, and H+.

Detailed explanation-4: -A muscle cramp is an uncontrollable and painful spasm of a muscle. The exact cause is unknown, but some of the risk factors may include poor physical condition, dehydration and muscle fatigue.

Detailed explanation-5: -Skeletal muscle spasms may be caused by physical conditions (dehydration, overexertion, prolonged exercise) or secondary to a disease or injury (neuropathy, diabetes, stroke, spinal cord injury). Spasms may occur with low back pain as well, a highly prevalent condition.