PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -HIV contains a glycoprotein called gp120 that binds onto a glycoprotein called CD4 found on helper T-cells. It then uses another glycoprotein called gp41 to initiate cell-mediated endocytosis. This fuses the viral and cell membrane and brings the viral contents into the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Primary receptor. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) was demonstrated to be the principal receptor of HIV on T helper cells in 1986 when the virus was tentatively named lymphadenopathy-associated virus.

Detailed explanation-3: -HIV targets CD4+ T cells by binding to the CD4 molecule on the cell surface, as well as a chemokine coreceptor – usually CCR5 or CXCR4.