PATHOLOGY MCQ
IMMUNE RESPONSE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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clotting proteins migrating away from the site of infection.
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increased activity of phagocytes in an inflamed area.
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reduced permeability of blood vessels to conserve plasma.
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release of substances to decrease the blood supply to an inflamed area.
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Detailed explanation-1: -At the tissue level, inflammation is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and loss of tissue function, which result from local immune, vascular and inflammatory cell responses to infection or injury [5].
Detailed explanation-2: -This inflammatory response is mediated by activation of the innate immune system largely comprising professional phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages).
Detailed explanation-3: -The inflammatory response (inflammation) occurs when tissues are injured by bacteria, trauma, toxins, heat, or any other cause. The damaged cells release chemicals including histamine, bradykinin, and prostaglandins. These chemicals cause blood vessels to leak fluid into the tissues, causing swelling.
Detailed explanation-4: -Resting phagocytes become activated by inflammatory mediators (e.g. bacterial proteins, capsules, peptidoglycan, prostaglandins, complement proteins). Consequently, they gain the ability to leave the capillaries, enter tissues and move towards the infection site (chemotaxis).