PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Degeneration must be distinguished from apoptosis, which represents the normal process of cell turnover in the kidney. Necrosis generally includes cell swelling, nuclear pyknosis and/or karyorrhexis, and cellular sloughing. Degeneration may be either reversible or irreversible.

Detailed explanation-2: -Excessive germ cell degeneration may arise either in response to external or extratesticular influences (e.g., seasonality, nutrition, therapeutic drugs, environmental agents, infection) or as a result of intrinsic dysfunction of spermatogenesis, the details of which are largely unknown.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cellular swelling (synonyms: hydropic change, vacuolar degeneration, cellular edema) is an acute reversible change resulting as a response to nonlethal injuries. It is an intracytoplasmic accumulation of water due to incapacity of the cells to maintain the ionic and fluid homeostasis.