PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The afferent arteriole in this region contains specialised secretory cells (smooth muscle cells) called juxtaglomerular cells, that secrete renin. These cells do two things: They monitor blood pressure, by measuring how much the arteriole wall is stretched.

Detailed explanation-2: -These cells have a contractile property similar to vascular smooth muscles and thus play a role in “regulating GFR” by altering the vessel diameter.

Detailed explanation-3: -Macula densa cells in the distal nephron, according to the classic paradigm, are salt sensors that generate paracrine chemical signals in the juxtaglomerular apparatus to control vital kidney functions, including renal blood flow, glomerular filtration, and renin release.